A basic thesis of my book Sacred Number was that,

The Stone Age peoples, through observing the celestial environment (the sky), and how it is time-structured numerically, came to understand the structure of number itself as a cosmic principle that was central to the Creation.

This was the path whereby the Stone Age became the megalithic culture that clearly used large stones in meaningful ways to capture celestial events and express numerical relationships important to this worldview.

Some of the effective techniques, including right angled triangles and counting techniques, developed in the megalithic, leave their own records in the organisation of the megaliths themselves -their alignments and the distances between them. This means that whilst we today take notes of our measurements with pen, paper and our number notation system, the megalithic specialists might have had less need for a system of notation apart from the objects of measurement themselves.

However, it is almost certain that they did develop notation systems, especially with regard to the recording and manipulation of the large numbers of feet, cubits, steps, yards, miles of whatever type required to, for instance, achieve angular measures and trigonometrical functions, without the type of equipment or analytical algebra we have today. We don’t have to re-invent modern systems of mathematics so that the megalith builders could have done what they did – and people who try strain credibility and their theories are roundly rejected. But there does have to be a way for ancient science to achieve what it did.

Even the way we write number down today, in decimal notation, is effectively a sophisticated piece of equipment and the way this evolved within the historical period is perhaps indicative of a prehistoric system of notation that, like so many other elements of our culture, was inherited but in a distorted form relative to the original version....

Click to read 12-Page pdf article

Our Lady of Medjugorje - by a young boy near Medjugorje

This has at its heart the canonical 432 and all the range of other canonical numbers such as 72, numbers made only from multiplying only 2 and 3. However, it is divided by 5 just as Delphi and Thebes were divided by 7. If we see what proportion of 72 degrees, 43.2 is the answer is 5/8. This is exactly the (Fibonacci) relationship of the Earth year of 365 days and the Venus synod of 584 days. The latitude appears to function with a numerical proportion belonging to the relative time periods between Earth and another adjacent planet. However, if it does, it does so at right angles to the rotation of the Earth and relative to the Equator.

The Virgin Mary can then be equated to the planet Venus (as one does) since the Virgin clearly came to occupy the place of the sacred feminine after the arising of the patriarchal culture of Rome. In any case, the energy related to the feminine takes many guises, such as the triple goddess of Earth, Moon and Venus, woman, hag and maiden.

One of the most interesting aspects of such a Mary line is its meaning with regard to both native American and later history as it passes through the land of the Iroquois nation, Niagara Falls, Battles of Saratoga and of Wounded Knee. It crosses the Apollo Line in Genova, Italy which is near Assisi (St Francis of), Sienna (St Catherine of) and Lake Tresimere where Hannibal defeated the Roman Legions for Cathage.

 The Mary Line in the old world of Europe

We have already noted that Washington DC is on the same latitude as the Delphic oracle and that the latitude of Jerusalem passes through Texas. Adding the Mary line, one gets an impression of these three latitudes “bracketing” the United States as if to delimit a nation for the New World.

The mysticism of Delphi might well connect with Washington D.C. whilst the divine feminine relates more to the initially positive “indian” relations of the Iroquois League to the Constitution and  Enlightenment altruism of the Founding Fathers. It was an ancient tradition that parallels of latitude were significant or sacred in the locating of spiritual sites, whilst the myth of a New Jerusalem in the West seems to correspond to a geodetic relationship of the Mediterranean to the continental United States.

Mary crosses to the New World

 A friend, John Kirby, has kindly allowed me to place his PDF document on The Day of Mary which lists some more information on the Mary line-of-latitude, after the identical latitude of Medjugorje and Garabandal had been noticed. His paper comes from the sensibility of someone who has spent much time in Medjugorje and contemplation upon the meaning of Mary as a manifestation.

Click to view The Day of Mary by John Kirby

Some lines on the landscape form sightlines to astronomical events on the horizon, often involving megalithic monuments since these usually took account of the relation of the sky to the landscape, for reasons that are again contested especially by people who don't observe the sky to form a longer term impression of its meaning. It appears that the fact based cultural norm is in conflict with the study of phenomena as meaningful in a human sense.

Other lines appear to relate to the spherical nature of the earth. The direction of the nearest pole, the directly east west direction or the strange Michael lines that ascend and descend in a helical spiral of 30 degrees to east-west, referred to in Sacred Number and the Origins of Civilization. The hypothesis has developed that in some way historic/ spiritual events emerge due to such frameworks so that then the meaning of such lines is that they are active in enabling what happens on earth.

Some grand concept of history is possible with regard to the precessional movement of the earth since the resulting changes in its orientation are associated with ages such as the coming Age of Aquarius - a concept now embedded into popular culture as a harbinger of change. The last two thousand years have been symbolically linked to Jesus as Lord of that Age of Pisces using symbols associated with fish. Could a real history be unfolding through some sorts of mechanism involving these lines?

Latitudes

The east-west line at any place is a line of latitude and as such, anywhere on that line rotates once under the same stars, the stars that have the same declination as the latitude. The stars on the equator have zero degrees declination just as the Equator is defined as zero degrees latitude, north or south, the poles being +/- 90 degrees in latitude.

There is therefore a definite connection between places of the same latitude. Their climate can be approximately similar in respect of the lengths of seasons, power of the sun and so on, and they pass through a similar set of points relative to the spherical earth. The horizon calendar to east and west of risings and settings are identical. In Guns, Germs and Steel, much is made of the fertile crescent's latitudinal connections being good so as to found the culture of "the west" and east based on the neolithic revolution.

Latitudes therefore have a certain interest. The Bush family home is at Midland, Texas and few are aware that this has the same latitude as Jerusalem. also passing through Iran, Iraq and Afganistan. Obama was born in Hawaii, on the same latitude as Mecca. Such parallels are interesting and more complex correlations can emerge. The previous post about Washington D.C. noted the similarity in latitude with Delphi, the Omphalos of ancient Greece.Later posts could cover a few others.

So the latitude hypothesis is that places on the same latitude could have strange connections - and as with ley-lines, at the very least a lot of new facts emerge as a by product of such study and, at the very most, one could discover how the world works. The only caveat is to try and avoid going mad or boring, but that applies to all studies involving the ancient/ earth mysteries.

To study latitudes or other alignments, Google Earth and Wikipedia can be very useful.

Phi1  = 0 + 1 * Phi

Phi2  = 1 + 1 * Phi

Phi3  = 1 + 2 * Phi

Phi4  = 2 + 3 * Phi

Phi5  = 3 + 5 * Phi

Phi4 = 2 + 3 * Phi

Phi3 = 3 + 2 * Phi

Phi4  = 2 + 3 * Phi

Washington DC is at latitude 38o53'N and sits about 24 minutes further north than Delphi at 38o29'N. However, we know that the location of Washington was problematic given the topography of land in this region.

The difference in longitude is 22.5E (Delphi) plus 77.036W (Washington DC) = 99.536.Dividing this into 360 degrees, the ratio to the whole parallel of latitude at 38o29”N degrees is 1 / 3.61678.

There is a close approximation in the fractional part to 0.618 and the golden mean. Indeed the ratio of the longer and the shorter distance between these two places, along the parallel, is 1 to 2.618 which is the golden mean (or "phi") squared.

 Parallel of Latitude for Delphi

Interestingly the Great Seal pyramid is a phi squared slope angle and it is often the case that monument builders in the ancient style would leave a “key”, iconic of the location or containing the basic unit of length upon which it was built.

Sacramento is on the same latitude as Washington D.C. and in longitude to Delphi  is 1/2.5 of the parallel,

which is the 2:3 point forming the second point of a five pointed star with respect to Delphi

The meaning of these relations is to surmise that such an accurate co-location is extremely unlikely and that Washington DC's connection to the Greek Mysteries is perhaps more significant than could otherwise be expected. I have referred to the phi-squared pyramid and eye symbol in a previous post.

Delphi was on a series of sacred latitudes of which three are known, each dividing the angle between the pole and equator by seven.

1. Thebes (Karnak) has a very accurate latitude of 90 times 2/7 degrees and
2. Delphi was perhaps not so perfect, assuming the place of its Foundation is known, and is 90 times 3/7 degrees.
3. Silbury Hill in Wiltshire, England is very accurately sited at 4/7 times 90 degrees.

This corresponded to the idea of the seven tiered "hill of heaven". Delphi was called the omphallos or navel of the Earth and was the leading oracular site for the Greeks, inherited from pre-Olympian times when the Titans ruled and Python, an enormous snake dominated the oracular centre. Python was killed by Apollo, an Olympian, and the female oracular authorities were called pythonesses.

It is interesting to reflect that every day, every place on a given latitude is, relative to the zenithal stars, in the same place.

For instance Jupiter is synchronous with the lunar year and hence with the Moon itself, forming a 9/8 whole tone to the lunar year. We also know that Jupiter and Saturn interact to generate a near 60 year cycle that defines the 12 sign Zodiac and also generate between them an accurate golden mean ratio.

Here I will discuss the relation that then ensues to the Metonic period of nineteen years in which the Moon, Sun and stars accurately recur in configuration. Nineteen is an important prime number that some even call the "signature of the creator".

The synodic period of Jupiter is 398.88 days whilst the solar year is 365.242 days. The ratio is then 1.0920978 and this, times 19, equals 82.9994 years, 83 year to one part in nearly 150,000. This means that there are 4 times 19 Jupiter synods in 83 solar years.

4 Metonic periods of 19 years were called the Callippic period, important in the past as the main way to synchronise a lunar calendar with the solar year. There are 235 lunar months in the Metonic, 940 therefore in the Callippic.

The ratio 83/76 is 1.0921052 which is an integer way of expressing 1.0920978 (Jupiter's synodic period) to this accuracy of one part in 150,000.

The 83/76 ratio can then be reduced to the ratio 35/32 by multiplication by 665/664 which is an adjacency of numbers involving 19 and 83. The relationship is mediated by the difference between the lunar and solar year but cannot be stated clearly enough to write this here yet.

One has to remember that all of the relations between celestial bodies are inter-related but achieve different, quite simple results. This displays some kind of causation that prefers simple numbers and certainly lies behind much of the traditional concerns that became known as sacred number.

http://www.spiderorchid.com/mesoamerica/mesoamerica.htm

There Robert D. Peden points out that

"The Mayan Ritual year of 260 days was successful for one major reason - after a cycle lasting 59 Ritual years, the tropical year and the Ritual year lock together in step. A period of 59 by 260 days equals a period of 42 tropical years, of 365.242 days. ", he also finds that,

42 Solar years [365.242] = 59 x 260 (accurate to 4 minutes)

This extends the work I did in Matrix of Creation. It should give a whole new impetus to the Mayan calendar, believers and academics alike. The main inference here is the uncanny way in which time is organised on Earth and how the uncanny ancestors tuned into it through their sacred structures including their calendars. The 260 is an original cultural work and some say [e.g. Jose Arguelles] it is a form of time that comes from higher levels of order within the galaxy.

Chapter 8 Raising the Titanic

Equating Saturn with mythological Kronos-Cronos can hide the subtler reality that Saturn and Venus represent as residual elements of an earlier solar system. The genitals of Ouranos can be re-interpreted as follows. He is the "overhanging one" which points directly to the galaxy that passes close the north and south poles. Saturn performs a scooping motion in the sky, every synodic period and passing over the galaxy twice in a 29 year period of 28 synods.

The loops of Saturn are represented by the sickle, His ubiquitous symbolic companion, and the genitals are "thrown into the sea", opposite the cutting action, to become the Sun as the generative power of the stellar world. The foam that this generates gives birth to Venus Aphrodite "born out of foam", who expresses a synodic Fibonacci relation of 8/5 (and a sidereal 8/13) with respect to the practical year on Earth. The shell on which She is represented is the original cutting tool.

The second creation is then Jupiter's, as it further interprets the previous creation numerically, especially through the Moon. The creation of Saturn is then to the bones underlying the flesh of the numerical environment we find today, and Saturn is represented as a skeleton.

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The gavrinis Chamber showing extreme Sun and Moon rays

This sort of chambered "tomb" was a common precursor to the last phase of the megalithic associated with the stone circles. It shows a complete mastery, both technical and symbolic, of the essence of a site's astro-archaeological characteristics through, usually, alignment of the sun and moon. The alignments found over kilometers that could achieve highly accurate results appear to have been ritualized into such smaller but still highly accurate buildings.

Gavrinis was dismantled for excavation and since reconstructed, its details have somewhat changed including the fact that before, this structure was waterproof despite being a dry stone construction. Now water is entering it. It is a sad fact that excavation of metrological monuments is likely to destroy the dimension that archasologists remain largely oblivious to, namely the significance of metrology as an exact science and hence a precious artifact contained within megalithic monuments.